Basics for electrical

 Electricity is the presence and flow of electric charge. Its best-known form is the flow of electrons through conductors such as copper wires. Electricity is a form of energy that comes in positive and negative forms, that occur naturally (as in lightning), or is produced (as in a generator).

Inventor of electricity-

Building upon Franklin's work, many other scientists studied electricity and began to understand more about how it works. For example, in 1879, Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb and our world has been brighter ever since! But was Benjamin Franklin really the first person to discover electricity

                                      (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin)

Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt, one joule per second.

Electric powerlike mechanical power, is the rate of doing work, measured in watts, and represented by the letter P. The term wattage is used colloquially to mean "electric power in watts." The electric power in watts produced by an electric current I consisting of a charge of Q coulombs every t seconds passing through an electric potential (voltage) difference of V is

${\displaystyle P={\text{work done per unit time}}={\frac {VQ}{t}}=VI\,}$

where

Q is electric charge in coulombs

t is time in seconds

I is electric current in amperes

V is electric potential or voltage in volts

components of power-

Electric current
Its nothing but the rate of flow of electric charge through a conducting medium with respect to time. It is caused by drift of free electrons through a conductor to a particular direction. As we all know, the measuring unit of electric change is Coulomb and the unit of time is second, the measuring unit of current is Coulombs per second and this logical unit of current has a specific name Ampere after the famous French scientist André-Marie Ampere. If total Q Coulomb charge passes through a conductor by time t, then


current I = Q / t coulomb per second or Ampere

For better understanding, let give an example, suppose total 100 coulombs of charge is transferred through a conductor in 50 seconds.
As the current is nothing but the rate at which charge is transferred per unit of time, it would be ratio of total charge transferred to the required time for that. Hence, here

With electricity, we measure the amount of charge flowing through the circuit over a period of time. Current is measured in Amperes (usually just referred to as “Amps”). An ampere is defined as 6.241*10¹⁸ electrons (1 Coulomb) per second passing through a point in a circuit.

There are two types of electric current: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). The electrons in direct current flow in one direction. The current produced by a battery is direct current.

, conventional current is defined as moving in the same direction as the positive charge flow. So, in metals where the charge carriers (electrons) are negative, conventional current is in the opposite direction as the electrons.

voltage

Voltage, also called electromotive force, is a quantitative expression of the potential difference in charge between two points in an electrical field. 

work done in moving a unit negative charge from point of  high potential to low potential with volts as units

    volts

    

    potential

The minimum energy required to move a charge from lower to higher energy level is called potential.

Resistance

The electrical resistance of an electrical conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass an electric current through that conductor. The inverse quantity is electrical conductance, and is the easy with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallels with the notion of mechanical friction. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm (Ω), while electrical conductance is measured in siemens (S)

The resistance (R) of an object is defined as the ratio of voltage across it (V) to current through it (I), while the conductance (G) is the inverse:

${\displaystyle R={V \over I},\qquad G={I \over V}={\frac {1}{R}}}$

ohms law

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance, one arrives at the usual mathematical equation that describes this relationship

${\displaystyle I={\frac {V}{R}},}$ (at constant temperature)

where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the voltage measured across the conductor in units of volts, andR is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohms. More specifically, Ohm's law states that the R in this relation is constant, independent of the current.^[

The law was named after the German physicist Georg Ohm

voltage current resistance

 Voltage is the difference in charge between two points. Current is the rate at which charge is flowing. Resistance is a material's tendency to resist the flow of charge (current).